Haematopoietic stem cell transplant versus immune-reconstitution therapy in relapsing multiple sclerosis

T Kalincik; S Sharmin; I Roos; MS Freedman; H Atkins; J Massey; I Sutton; B Withers; J Burman; Ø Torkildsen; L Bø; AK Lehmann; EK Havrdova; E Krasulova; M Trneny; T Kozak; R Macdonell; WJL Brown; A Coles; A van der Walt; H Butzkueven; B Van Wijmeersch; J Lechner-Scott; M Barnett; G Laureys; B Willekens; K Buzzard; O Skibina; MD Gregorio; S Hodgkinson; S Ozakbas; JE Meca-Lallana; R Alroughani; J Prevost; M Foschi; A Surcinelli; S Neri; S Eichau; P McCombe; N John; S Cárdenas-Robledo; J Oh; JL Sanchez-Menoyo; F Patti; O Gerlach; Y Blanco; P Grammond; B Sharrack; JA Snowden

Journal article

Haematopoietic stem cell transplant versus immune-reconstitution therapy in relapsing multiple sclerosis

T Kalincik, S Sharmin, I Roos, MS Freedman, H Atkins, J Massey, I Sutton, B Withers, J Burman, Ø Torkildsen, L Bø, AK Lehmann, EK Havrdova, E Krasulova, M Trneny, T Kozak, R Macdonell, WJL Brown, A Coles, A van der Walt Show all

Brain | Published : 2026

DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaf286

Abstract

In the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) and immune-reconstitution therapies show several similarities. These treatment strategies have not yet been compared head-to-head. This study emulated pairwise trials of comparative effectiveness of stem cell transplant versus immune-reconstitution therapies cladribine and alemtuzumab. This cohort/registry study of comparative treatment effectiveness included data from seven specialist multiple sclerosis centres with AHSCT programmes (RESCUE-MS) and international MSBase registry during 2006–2023. The study included patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treated wit..

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